Fireproof window.



Patented lan. I4, |9012. F. VOIGTMANN & S. H. PMERUY. FIREPRODF WINDOW.

(Application led Nov. 12, 1900.)

` 2 Sheets-Sheet I:

No. 69|,2n.

(N0 Model.)

l Patented lan.` I4, |902. F. VUIGTMANN &. S. H. POMEROY.

FIBEPROOF WINDOW. I (Application Bled Nov. 12, 1900.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No man.)

UNTTBD STaTns FaTnNT OFFICE.

FRANK VOIGTMANN AND SILAS II. POMEROY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

FIREPROOF WINDOW.

SPECXFICATEOII forming part of Letters Patent No. 591,211, dated January14, 1902.

Application led November 12, 1900. Serial No. 36,262. (No modali:

To all LUI/bont 'it may con/cern:

Be it known that we, FRANK VOIGTMANN and SILAS II. POMEROY, citizens ofthe United States, residing at Chicago in the county of Cook and Stateof Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inFireproof Windows, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in windows, and refers morespecifically to improvements in iireproof windows having sheet-metalsash and casings, certain features of the invention, however, beingapplicable to windows of other construction.

Among the salient objects of the invention are to provide an improvedconstruction in the pivotal su pport,whereby the sash is movably unitedwith the casing in such manner as to enable it to be almost completelyreversed in its bearings, while at the same time it is so supported asto automatically close fully and promptly when released; to provideimprovements in the details of construction of both the sash and thewindow-casing which render these structures more strong and rigid and atthe saine time enable them to he economically manufactured; to providean improved construction whereby the joints between the sash and casingare more effectually sealed or weathered, and iu general to simplify andimprove the details of consti' uction.

To the above ends the invention consists in the matters hereinafterdescribed, and more particularly pointed out in the appended i claims,and will be readily understood from the following description, referenceheilig had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is aperspective view showing the window-casing with the sash arrangedtherein in closed position and viewed from the inside. Fig. 2 isaviewsimilarto Fig. l,showing the upper sash opened and oscillated intoits reversed position. Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view, taken online 3 3 of Fig. 2,through the casing only. Fig. 4 is a view similar toFig. 3, taken on line t 4 of said Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a horizontalsectional view taken on line 5 5 of Fig. 6 and looking downwardly, saidview showing the socketed member of the pivotal support in plan. Fig. 6is a face view of the inside of the casing, showing in side elevationthe socketed member of the pivotal support. Fig. 7is a similar face orside view of the sash equipped with the pivot member of the pivotalsupport. Fig. 8 is a horizontal sectional view, taken on line 8 8 ot'Fig. l,

through the sash only and showing the pivot-' bolt in top plan. Fig. 9is a horizontal sectional detail taken on line 9 9 of Fig. 6 andshowing, on a somewhat enlarged scale, the detail of the connectionbetween the pivotsocket member and the window-casing at one point. Fig.l() is ahorizontal sectional view, taken on line lO l0 of Fig. l,through the side rail of the sash only. Fig. ll is a view taken on linell ll ofsaid Fig. l, showing the manner in which the glass is seateddirectly in the casiuginst-ead of Within a separate sash; and Fig. 12 isa perspective view of the pivot-socket casting.

In the preseutembodiment of the invention the upper sash of the windowis made movable, while the lower sash is constructed as an integral partof the window-casing structure-t'. c., the window-lights are set in aninner frame formed integrally with the main partof the casing.

Referring to the drawings, l designates as a whole the window frame orcasing, which is of hollow sheet-metal construction and comprises theside casings, (designated 2,) top and bottom end casings 3 4,respectively, and an intermediate cross rail or member 5. The upper andlower portions ofA the side frames 2 differ somewhat in cross-sectionalform, as best indicated in Figs. 3, 4t, and ll, each side casingcomprising an outer lateral wall 6, provided at a point intermediate ofits width with an outwardly-extending flange 7, which is adapted to beseated in the wall or setting in order to anchor the frame in thewindowopening, an inner face-wall 8, provided with a rabbet or retreatedportion 8', and an opposite or outer face-wall 9, likewise provided witha rabbet or retreated portion 9', the three sides referred to being madeof uniform construction throughout the entire length of the side casing.The inner Wall or face,against which the movable sash lits in the upperpart of the casing and Within which the glass is iitted in the lowerpart of the casing, is diiferently constructed at its upper and lowerportions, the former, as indicated at 10, Figs. 3.

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and 4, forming a substantially plain surface, while the latter or lowerportion is provided with a rabbet formed by the parts or surfaces 11 and11 and a face portion proper, (designated 13.)

The swinging sash (designated as a whole 14) is pivotally mounted upon atransverse axis located about midway ot its height between the sideframe members of the casing, and weathering-flanges are provided soarranged that when the sash is in closed position the joint between theside casingand the sash will be overlapped by said weatherflanges exceptfor a short interval at the points where the pivot-sockets are seated,as shown clearly in Fig. 1. Those portions of the weathering flangeswhich are located above the pivots (designated 15 in the drawings) areformed upon and integral with the side rails of the sash, while theweathering flanges or strips below said pivots (designated 16 in thedrawings) are formed upon and integral with the side casings of theframe. In order to provide the weathering-flange 16 upon the casingmember, the sheet metal is extended out at the angle formed at thejunction of the surfaces S' and 10 a distance equal to the desired widthofthe weathering-flanges and folded upon itself so as to form adouble-thick iiange, as best indicated in sectional Fig. 4, this iangebeing preferably and as shown herein made concave on its inner surface,which rests against the sash when the latter is closed in the positionindicated in dotted lines in said Fig. 4 and correspondingly convex onits outer surface. In order to dispose of the metal necessary to formthis flange along the lower half of the sash, it is flattened, downagainst the upper half of the face of the sash-opening, as indicated at16/ in Fig. 3, the differences in construction between the parts of theside casing above and below the pivots being indicated clearly in Figs.3 and 4. The upper end casing member 8 is substantially incrosssectional form like that indicated in Fig. 3, except that thetiattened-down'portion 16 is omitted, While the cross-rail 5 is providedwith a iiange 16, constructed substantially as shown in Fig. 4, so as tooverlie the joint formed between the lower end of the sash and saidrail. y

,The inner lateral face of the side casing at the lower part of theframe and within which the glass is set without the interposition of asash is constructed as shown in Fig. ll-that is to say, that part of themetal which forms the weathering-flange in the upper part of the sidecasing is disposed of by making the face portion 8( somewhat wider,sothat the face portion 11' is somewhat retreated relatively thereto, andthe edge of the glass 17 is arranged to rest directly against thisretreated portion and against the face portion 1l ofthe rabbet. In thepreferred construction shown one of the longitudinally-extendingclenched joints of the frame is arranged to come at the angle of therabbet 11 l1 and is constructed to forni an internal iiange 18, whichserves to reinforce and render extremely rigid that part of the faceagainst which the edge of ,the glass restsfafeatureobviouslyofsomeimportance. In order to secure the edge of theglass in position within the rabbet in a strong and reliable manner notapt to be aifected by exposure of the window to fire, ears or clips 19are struck out of the face 11 of the rabbet, seas to stand at rightangles thereto in the position shown in Fig. ll1, which clips aresubsequently bent down against the outer face of the glass, as indicatedin dotted lines at 19. It will be understood that the faces of the lowerand middle rails 4 and 5, respectively, which receive the correspondingedges of the glass, are constructed substantially like the correspondingfaces of the side rails and need not, therefore, be particularlydetailed.

Describing now the construction of the movable sash 14, the upper andlower portions of the side rails thereof are of somewhat ditferentconstruction, as indicated clearly in Figs. S and l0, the former ligurerepresenting the cross-sectional form of the sash above the pivotalsupport and the latter below the same. As will be seen by these figures,a flange or weathering 20, shaped like the weathering 16, hereinbeforedescribed, is provided along the inner side face of the rail above thepivotal support, while the surplus metal which forms this flange alongsaid upper portion is fiattened down against the face of the lowerportion, as indicated at 2l. The top rail of the sash is constructedlike the upper portion of the side rail, while the bottom rail of thesash is substantiallylike the lower portion of the side rail, with theexception that the surplus fold of metal 2l is or may be omitted. Theinner lateral face of the sash throughout its entire circumference isprovided with a rabbet, as indicated at 22 23, Figs. 8 and 10, withinwhich the glass is seated and held by means of clips 24, formed andarranged substantially as are the clips 19, hereinbefore described.

Describing `now the pivotal support whereby the sash 14 is movablysupported within the window-casing and referring more particularly toFig. 12, 25 designates as a whole a casting adapted to be secured withinand against the inner lateral face of the casing at a pointapproximately midway of the height of the sash, as indicated in Figs. 1and 2, said casting comprising an upright bar-shaped portion 26,provided at each end with screw or bolt apertures 27, a main bodyportion 28 of irregular outline and provided with a curved outwardly anddownwardly extending pivot socket or slot 29, and asecuring-ear orextension 30 upon said main body, at the end thereof opposite the barportion 26, and likewise provided with a screw or bolt aperture 3l. Thiscasting is seated within and against the inner lateral face of thecasing, with its bar portion in register with the rab- IOO IIO

bet S' and with its main body extending within an aperture formed in theface of said rabbetand resting with its outer face directly against thelateral wall lO, as indicated clearly in Figs. 5 and 6, the pivot-slotoccupying a position with its outer and lower end in register with thepivotal axis of the sash when the latter is in a fully-closed positionand extending obliquely upwardly and inwardly from this point to apointnear the inner edge of the casting, as best indicated in Fig. G.The casting is securely mounted in this position by means of bolts 32,extended through the bar portion, through a filling-block 33, seated inthe rabbet 8', and through the wall of the casing, as indicated at 34,while its outer end ear 30 is secured to the face portion 10 of thecasing by means of a screw-headed bolt 35, inserted therethrough andengaging said ear. In order that this bolt 35 may lie iiush with theouter face ot' the casing, the margin of the aperture in the casingthrough which said bolt is inserted is countersunk inwardly, so as tolie Within the correspondingly-countersunk bolt-aperture in the ear 30,(see particularly detail Fig. 9,) and the screw-threaded bolt is'made ofsufficiently smaller diameter to fit within this countersunk recess andlie flush with the face of the casing, as indicated at 3G.

Referring to Figs. 7 and 8, 37 designates the pivot whereby the sash issupported from the socket-casting 25, said pivot being conveniently andas shown herein formed integrally with a faceplate 3S, which is adaptedto be secured against the outer lateral face of the side rail ot' thesash by means of screw-bolts 39. The outer end portion 37 of said pivotforms the pintle or engaging portion which is adapted to enter andengage the slot 29 ot the socket-casting, while the opposite end 37 isarranged to extend entirely through the side rail and is provided with anut 40, threaded thereon and adapted to rest against the inner surfaceof the side rail. It is to be particularly noted in this connection thatthe location of the pivot 37 relatively to the plane of the sash is suchthat when the sash is in approximately upright position and closed orapproaching its closed position the center ot gravity of the sash iswell outside ot the pivotal axis of the same, this being due to the factthat the glass is set well outside of said pivotal axis. This is afeature of the utmost importance in a structure of this character, forthe reason that it insures the prompt and complete closing of the windowand causes the sash to rest snugly against its seat, so that theweathering forms an effectual sealing for the several joints around thesash and be tween it and the casing.

In order that the joints covered by the weathering may be moreeffectually sealed, the strips of fold or analogous packing material aresecured within the hollow sides of the Several weathering-anges, asindicated at 4l in the several figures of the drawings.

weathering-anges 2l upon the sash engage the upper end portions oftheflanges 16 upon the frame or casing and form stops, whereupon a furtheroscillation of the sash in the same direction causes its pivots to rideup the inclined curved slots until they reach and are arrested by theopposite ends of said slots. This construction enables the sash to bereversed into the position shown in Fig. 2 and far enough so that itsouter surface may be conveniently washed from the inside of thebuilding,while at the same time the upwardlyinclined direction of thepivot-slots insures a prompt return of the sash to its closed positionby gravity as soon as it is released. The provision of the slottedsocket obviously enables the weathei'ing-Iianges to be brought muchnearer togetherthat is, enables the interrupted portion of theweathering opposite the pivots to be made much shorter or of less extentthan would be the case were the slotted socket'not employed.

In order that the sash may be readily engaged and disengaged from itspivotal support7 the upper side of the slot 29 of the pivotsocketcasting is cut away or interrupted throughout the greater part of itsdepth to form an opening 29, through which the pivot may pass, andobviously when the sash is tilted into the reversed position (shown inFig. 2) it may be disengaged` from its sockets by simply lifting it soas to carry its pivots out through said openings 29. The slottedpivot-socket,wl1ich al'i'ords the shif table pivotbearing, thereforebecomes of import-ance in this connection.

The window shown herein is of the automatic type, provided with adestructible retaining device adapted to be released by an abnormaldegree of heat and when released to permit the movable sash to swingshut. In order that the window shall thus swing shut when released, itspivotal axis is located somewhat above its transverse center of gravity,so that its lower end is substantially heavier than its upper end. Thespecific construction of said means for automatically releasing thewindow forms no part of the present invention, but may be brieflydescribed as comprising a rod 42, provided at one end with an eye 43,adapted lto be engaged with any one of a series of hooks 44 upon thelower part of the window and at its opposite end engaged with a fusiblelink 45, which is in turn connected with the upper part or top rail ofthe movable sash, as indicated at 46.

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It will be understood that the length of the rod 42 is such that whenengaged with either of the hooks 44: the sash will be held in open orpartially open position against its tendency to close by gravity, owingto its being pivoted upon an axis above its middle or center of gravity.The operation of the window has been fully set forth .in connection withthe description of the details thereof, and need not, therefore, berepeated.

While we have herein shown what we deem to be a preferred embodimentofour invention, yet it will be obvious that the details thereof may bemodified to some extent without departing from the spirit of theinvention, and we do not, therefore, wish to be limited 'to the precisedetails of construction shown except as they are mfade the subject ofspecific claims.

We claim as our inventionl. In a window, the combination with a casing,of a sash pivotally mounted to oscillate upon a transverse axis,pivot-supports connected with the sash, inclined ways with which saidpivot-supports are engaged, and a stop constituting a fulcrum upon whichthe sash is adapted to pivot while its pivot-supports proper aretraversing said ways, whereby a pivotal movement is afforded for thesash of increased angular extent.

2. In a window, the combination with a casing, of a sash pivotallymounted therein to osoillate upon a transversely-extending axis,pivotedsupports therefor having engagement with inclined ways or slots,and a stop located on that side of the window with relation to which theslots are inclined upwardly and inwardly and in a plane below the upperends of said slots, whereby the sash is capable of bodily movementinwardly and outwardly and will lbe raised or lowered bodily whenoscillated while engaged with said stop, as and for the purpose setforth.

3. In a window, the combination wit-h a casing, of a sash pivotallymounted therein to osoillate upon a transversely-extending axis,pivot-supports therefor, inclined ways upon the casing with which saidpivot-supports are operatively engaged, a stop located on that side ofthe window-casing relatively to which saidways are inclined upwardly andinwardly, said stop being located below said ways, and constituting afulcrum upon which the sash is adapted to pivot when resting inengagement therewith, anda stop located at the end of one of said waysand adapted to positively limit the extent of pivotal movement of thesash.

4. In a window, the combination with a casing, of a sash pivotallymounted therein upon au axis extending transversely thereof and locatedintermediate its length, a weatheringseat against which said window isadapted to rest when closed, one portion of which is upon the casing andextends from points immediately below the pivots around the lower marginof the sash, and the other portion of which is upon the sash and extendsfrom point-s immediately above the pivots around the upper margin ofthesash, substantiallyas described.

5. In a window, the combination with a casing, of a sash pivotallymounted therein upon an axis extending transversely thereof and locatedintermediate the length of the sash, slotted supports with which thepivots of said sash have shifting engagement, and a weathering-seatagainst which the window is adapted to rest when closed, one portion ofwhich is upon the casing and extends from pointsimmediately below thepivots around the lower margin of the sash, and the other portion ofwhich is upon the sash and extends from points immediately above thepivots around the upper margin of the sash, substantially as described.

6. As a new article of manufacture, a pivotsocket adapted to be securedupon one member of the meeting faces of a window-sash and the framewherein the latter is seated, said casting being provided with apivot-slot extending transversely with relation to the window-openingand inclined from its inner end downwardly and outwardly and forming anelongated support over which a pivot, mounted upon the opposite member,is adapted to travel, and being provided at the upper side of its innerend with an opening adapted to permit the Withdrawalof the pivot fromengagement with said slot and with closed ends which positively arrestand limit the extent of movement of said pivot within the slot,substantially as described.

7.- In a window of the character described, the combination of thewindow-frame, as I, the sash, as 14, pivotally supported therein, theinclined pivot-slots with which the pivots of said sash are engaged atopposite sides of the casing, the weathering-strip, as 16, upon theframe and extending around the lower half of the sash-opening, theweathering-strip, as 15, upon the sash and extending around the upperhalf of the latter, and the destructible retaining device for holdingthe sash in open position, combined and operating substantially as setforth.

FRANK VOIGTMANN. SILAS I-I. POMEROY. Witnesses:

ALBERT H. GRAVES, FREDERICK C. GOODWIN.

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